Gubler D J, Clark G G
Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;50(6 Suppl):50-60. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.50.
Dengue viruses are maintained in endemic transmission cycles in tropical urban areas where epidemics periodically occur. Until about 30 years ago, there were long intervals (10-40 years) between epidemics but they are now occurring in many areas at 3-5-year intervals. These epidemics are most likely caused by virus strains with different epidemic potential. Accompanying this increased frequency in epidemic activity has been a change in the disease pattern with cases of the severe form of dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever) becoming much more common. The occurrence of these factors and the expanding geographic distribution of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the past 15 years have made it necessary to re-evaluate currently recommended methods for prevention and control. The result has been increasing emphasis on the development of effective sustainable Aedes aegypti control programs based on source reduction using community participation. A brief overview of global programs using this approach is presented with emphasis on the Puerto Rican program, one of the earliest developed.
登革病毒在热带城市地区的地方性传播循环中持续存在，这些地区会定期发生疫情。直到大约30年前，疫情之间的间隔时间很长（10 - 40年），但现在许多地区疫情每隔3 - 5年就会发生。这些疫情很可能是由具有不同流行潜力的病毒株引起的。随着疫情活动频率的增加，疾病模式也发生了变化，严重形式的登革热（登革出血热）病例变得更加常见。在过去15年中，这些因素的出现以及登革出血热地理分布的扩大，使得有必要重新评估目前推荐的预防和控制方法。结果是越来越强调基于社区参与的源头减少，制定有效的可持续埃及伊蚊控制计划。本文简要概述了采用这种方法的全球计划，重点介绍了最早制定的波多黎各计划之一。
