Poppitt S D, Prentice A M, Goldberg G R, Whitehead R G
Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994 Jul;171(1):118-25. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70087-7.
Our purpose was to test whether energy-sensitive adjustments in gestational metabolism, previously observed in studies of Gambian and British women, are a general phenomenon and to define the nutritional factors that direct them.
Retrospective analysis of data on basal metabolic rate and fat deposition in 360 pregnancies from 10 studies in a wide range of nutritional settings was performed.
The energy costs of pregnancy varied widely between different communities: maintenance costs from -45 to +210 MJ, fat deposition from -23 to +267 MJ, and total energy costs from -20 to +523 MJ. Total costs were correlated with prepregnancy fatness (r = 0.80, p < 0.01) and pregnancy weight gain (r = 0.94, p < 0.001). Marginally nourished women conserved energy by suppressing metabolic rate and by gaining little fat.
The energy needs of pregnancy are modulated over a wide range in response to maternal energy status. This may be an important means of protecting fetal growth.
我们的目的是检验在冈比亚和英国女性研究中先前观察到的孕期新陈代谢中能量敏感调节是否是一种普遍现象，并确定指导这些调节的营养因素。
对来自10项研究的360例妊娠的基础代谢率和脂肪沉积数据进行回顾性分析，这些研究涵盖了广泛的营养状况。
不同群体之间孕期的能量消耗差异很大：维持能量消耗从-45至+210兆焦耳，脂肪沉积从-23至+267兆焦耳，总能量消耗从-20至+523兆焦耳。总能量消耗与孕前肥胖程度相关（r = 0.80，p < 0.01）以及孕期体重增加相关（r = 0.94，p < 0.001）。营养状况处于边缘水平的女性通过抑制代谢率和几乎不增加脂肪来保存能量。
孕期的能量需求会根据母亲的能量状况在很大范围内进行调节。这可能是保护胎儿生长的一个重要手段。
