The relationship between family variables and adolescent substance abuse: a literature review.

Adolescent substance abuse has been the focus of nationwide attention, and researchers have examined an assortment of variables relating to this disease. One area of interest has been the relationship between adolescent chemical dependency and family factors. A review of the current literature yields two broad categories: (1) family drug usage patterns, and (2) family atmosphere. In general, there seems to be a significant relationship between family variables and teenage substance abuse; however, the strength of the relationship differs with the substance used. Specifically, research has shown a strong relationship between adolescent substance abuse and family drug usage, family composition, family interaction patterns, and discrepancies in family perceptions. Findings and their implications for practitioners are discussed.