Krause N M, Jay G M
School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029.
Med Care. 1994 Sep;32(9):930-42. doi: 10.1097/00005650-199409000-00004.
One of the most frequently used health status measures consists of a single item that asks respondents to rate their overall health as excellent, good, fair, or poor. This study identified the conceptual domain that is assessed by this self-rated health measure. Findings from 158 in-depth interviews revealed that the same frame of reference is not used by all respondents in answering this question. Some study participants think about specific health problems when asked to rate their health, whereas others think in terms of either general physical functioning or health behaviors. The data further revealed that the specific referents that are used vary by age. In addition, more tentative findings suggest that the use of specific referents may also vary by education and race. Finally, the results suggest that certain referents may not be related to closed-ended health ratings in predictable ways.
最常用的健康状况衡量指标之一是一个单项问题，要求受访者将其整体健康状况评为极佳、良好、一般或较差。本研究确定了这一自评健康指标所评估的概念领域。158次深度访谈的结果显示，并非所有受访者在回答这个问题时都使用相同的参照框架。一些研究参与者在被要求对自己的健康状况进行评分时会考虑特定的健康问题，而另一些人则从一般身体功能或健康行为的角度进行思考。数据进一步显示，所使用的具体参照对象因年龄而异。此外，更初步的研究结果表明，具体参照对象的使用也可能因教育程度和种族而有所不同。最后，结果表明，某些参照对象可能与封闭式健康评级没有可预测的关联。
