McKnight A J, Streff F M
National Public Services Research Institute, Landover, MD 20785.
Accid Anal Prev. 1994 Feb;26(1):79-88. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(94)90070-1.
Laws prohibiting the service of alcohol to already intoxicated patrons of bars and restaurants are seldom enforced. Following introduction of an enforcement effort in Washtenaw County, Michigan, observed refusals of service to "pseudopatrons" simulating intoxication rose from 17.5% to 54.3%, declining eventually to 41.0%. At the same time, the percentage of those arrested drunk drivers coming from bars and restaurants declined from 31.7% to 23.3%. In a comparison county, refusals of service rose to a significantly smaller extent, from 11.5% to 32.7%, while the percentage of DWIs coming from bars and restaurants showed no significant changes. Service refusals were related to volume of business and numbers of intoxicated patrons in an establishment at the time of observation, while numbers of arrested DWIs was related to the nature of the establishment's clientele, policies, and practices. While enforcement of alcohol service laws offers a potentially cost beneficial means of reducing highway crashes, replication across additional jurisdictions is needed.
禁止向酒吧和餐厅里已经喝醉的顾客提供酒水的法律很少得到执行。在密歇根州沃什特瑙县实施一项执法行动后，观察到拒绝为模拟醉酒的“假顾客”提供服务的比例从17.5%上升到了54.3%，最终降至41.0%。与此同时，因醉酒驾车被捕人员中来自酒吧和餐厅的比例从31.7%降至23.3%。在一个对照县，拒绝提供服务的比例上升幅度要小得多，从11.5%升至32.7%，而来自酒吧和餐厅的醉酒驾车被捕人员比例没有显著变化。拒绝提供服务与观察时场所的业务量和醉酒顾客数量有关，而醉酒驾车被捕人员数量与场所顾客的性质、政策和做法有关。虽然执行酒水服务法律提供了一种潜在的、具有成本效益的减少公路撞车事故的方法，但还需要在更多司法管辖区进行推广。
