两种市售酶免疫测定法用于检测粪便标本中艰难梭菌的比较。
Comparison of two commercially available enzyme immunoassays for detection of Clostridium difficile in stool specimens.
作者信息
Altaie S S, Meyer P, Dryja D
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo.
出版信息
J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Jan;32(1):51-3. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.1.51-53.1994.
Clostridium difficile is the cause of most cases of pseudomembranous colitis, the most severe form of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Rapid diagnosis guides both the treatment and the control of nosocomial spread of infection. Two enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits developed for the rapid detection of C. difficile toxin A in fecal specimens, Premier (Meridian Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio) and Tox-A test (TechLab, Virginia Polytechnic Institute Research Park, Blacksburg), were evaluated by using 410 fecal specimens. Seventy-six specimens were positive for C. difficile toxin B by the cytotoxin assay (prevalence rate, 19%). The Meridian EIA was positive for 71 of the 76 samples, yielding a sensitivity of 93%. The TechLab EIA detected 75 of the 76 positive samples, yielding a sensitivity of 99%. The Meridian and TechLab EIAs had specificities of 100 and 93%, respectively. These data indicate that both EIAs are suitable alternatives to the cytotoxin assay in routine diagnostic laboratories. However, confirmation of TechLab EIA-positive test results by the cytotoxin assay remains necessary.
艰难梭菌是大多数伪膜性结肠炎病例的病因，伪膜性结肠炎是抗生素相关性腹泻最严重的形式。快速诊断有助于指导感染的治疗和医院内传播的控制。使用410份粪便标本对两种用于快速检测粪便标本中艰难梭菌毒素A的酶免疫分析（EIA）试剂盒进行了评估，这两种试剂盒分别是Premier（Meridian Diagnostics公司，俄亥俄州辛辛那提）和Tox - A test（TechLab公司，弗吉尼亚理工学院研究园，布莱克斯堡）。通过细胞毒素检测，76份标本艰难梭菌毒素B呈阳性（患病率为19%）。Meridian EIA在76份样本中的71份呈阳性，灵敏度为93%。TechLab EIA检测出76份阳性样本中的75份，灵敏度为99%。Meridian和TechLab EIA的特异性分别为100%和93%。这些数据表明，在常规诊断实验室中，这两种EIA都是细胞毒素检测的合适替代方法。然而，仍有必要通过细胞毒素检测来确认TechLab EIA阳性检测结果。
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