Mackenbach J P, van de Mheen H, Stronks K
Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Soc Sci Med. 1994 Jan;38(2):299-308. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90399-9.
In this paper, the objectives, design, data-collection procedures and enrollment rates of the Longitudinal Study on Socio-Economic Health Differences (LS-SEHD) are described. This study started in 1991, and is the first large-scale longitudinal study of the explanation of socio-economic inequalities in health in the Netherlands. The LS-SEHD aims at making a quantitative assessment of the contribution of different mechanisms and factors to the explanation of socio-economic inequalities in health. It is based on a research model incorporating both 'selection' and 'causation' mechanisms, and a wide range of specific factors possibly involved in these mechanisms: health-related life-style factors, structural/environmental factors, psychosocial stress-related factors, childhood environment, cultural factors, psychological factors, and health in childhood. The design of the LS-SEHD is that of a prospective cohort study. An aselect sample, stratified by age, degree of urbanization and socio-economic status, for approx. 27,000 persons was drawn from the population registers in a region in the Southeastern part of The Netherlands. The persons in this sample received a postal questionnaire. An aselect subsample of approx. 3500 persons from the respondents to the postal questionnaire was, in addition, approached for an oral interview. The follow-up of these samples will use routinely collected data (mortality by cause of death, hospital admissions by diagnosis, cancer incidence), as well as repeated postal questionnaires and oral interviews. The response rate to the base-line postal questionnaire was 70.1% (n = 18,973), and that to the base-line oral interview was 79.4% (n = 2802). If the LS-SEHD is compared to a number of frequently cited longitudinal studies of socio-economic inequalities in health from the United Kingdom, it appears that the differences with the OPCS Longitudinal Study and the birth cohort studies (such as the National Survey of Health and Development) are huge. The LS-SEHD is more akin to the Whitehall(I)-study and the West of Scotland 20-07 study. For example it has the sample size of the former but the open population and emphasis on social factors of the latter. A comparison of the results of various longitudinal studies of socio-economic inequalities in health is recommended.
本文描述了社会经济健康差异纵向研究（LS - SEHD）的目标、设计、数据收集程序和参与率。该研究始于1991年，是荷兰首次对健康方面的社会经济不平等现象进行解释的大规模纵向研究。LS - SEHD旨在对不同机制和因素在解释健康方面的社会经济不平等现象中的作用进行定量评估。它基于一个包含“选择”和“因果关系”机制以及这些机制中可能涉及的广泛具体因素的研究模型：与健康相关的生活方式因素、结构/环境因素、心理社会压力相关因素、童年环境、文化因素、心理因素以及童年时期的健康状况。LS - SEHD的设计是前瞻性队列研究。从荷兰东南部一个地区的人口登记册中抽取了一个按年龄、城市化程度和社会经济地位分层的约27000人的无偏样本。该样本中的人员收到了一份邮政问卷。此外，还从邮政问卷的受访者中抽取了一个约3500人的无偏子样本进行口头访谈。对这些样本的随访将使用常规收集的数据（按死因分类的死亡率、按诊断分类的住院情况、癌症发病率），以及重复的邮政问卷和口头访谈。基线邮政问卷的回复率为70.1%（n = 18973），基线口头访谈的回复率为79.4%（n = 2802）。如果将LS - SEHD与英国一些经常被引用的关于健康方面社会经济不平等的纵向研究进行比较，会发现它与OPCS纵向研究和出生队列研究（如全国健康与发展调查）的差异巨大。LS - SEHD更类似于白厅（I）研究和苏格兰西部20 - 07研究。例如，它具有前者的样本规模，但具有后者的开放人群和对社会因素的强调。建议对各种健康方面社会经济不平等的纵向研究结果进行比较。
