Siperstein G N, Wolraich M L, Reed D
Center for the Study of Social Acceptance, University of Massachusetts/Boston 02125-3393.
Am J Ment Retard. 1994 Jan;98(4):519-26.
Previous studies have shown a lack of consensus in professionals' prognoses for individuals with mental retardation. The present study was designed to continue the investigation of professionals' prognoses for the achieved capabilities and residential and vocational placement of individuals with mild, moderate, or severe mental retardation. Four professional groups (N = 567 subjects) from 50 of the 52 University Affiliated Programs throughout the country were surveyed. The Prognostic Beliefs Scale was used. Results showed that physicians had significantly lower expectations and more pessimistic prognoses for children with moderate or severe mental retardation than did the other professionals. The only consensus on prognosis was for children with mild mental retardation. Results call into question one of the assumed benefits of interdisciplinary teams--communication--and its impact on professionals' expectations and prognoses for individuals with mental retardation.
以往的研究表明,专业人员对智力迟钝个体的预后判断缺乏一致性。本研究旨在继续调查专业人员对轻度、中度或重度智力迟钝个体已达成的能力以及居住和职业安置的预后判断。对来自全国52个大学附属项目中50个项目的四个专业群体(N = 567名受试者)进行了调查。使用了预后信念量表。结果显示,与其他专业人员相比,医生对中度或重度智力迟钝儿童的期望明显更低,预后判断也更悲观。关于预后的唯一共识是针对轻度智力迟钝儿童。研究结果对跨学科团队假定的益处之一——沟通——及其对专业人员对智力迟钝个体的期望和预后判断的影响提出了质疑。