Meyer F, Bar-Or O, Salsberg A, Passe D
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Exercise and Nutrition Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Int J Sport Nutr. 1994 Mar;4(1):22-35. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.4.1.22.
This study examined changes in children's thirst and drink preferences during exercise-induced hypohydration and their spontaneous rehydration during a 30-min recovery. Twenty-four 9- to 13-year-old children (14 females, 10 males) participated in four intermittent 90-min cycling sessions in the heat (35 degrees C, 20% relative humidity); the sessions differed in the drinks the children were sampling (apple, orange, water, and grape). Thirst and drink preferences were assessed (analog and category scales) while children dehydrated up to about 0.76% of their initial body weight. During 90 min dehydration, there was an increase in thirst intensity for all drinks. The grape was the preferable drink throughout the dehydration phase, but its desirability did not increase as much as the desirability of the orange, apple, and water drinks. During the 30-min recovery, most subjects rehydrated spontaneously, exceeding baseline levels by 0.76 +/- 0.15% (M +/- SEM) for grape, 0.40 +/- 0.15 for apple, 0.71 +/- 0.18 for orange, and 0.48 +/- 0.16 for water. Although full rehydration was achieved with all drinks, the magnitude of rehydration was statistically greater with grape and orange than water and apple (p < .05). It was concluded that mild hypohydration during exercise increased children's thirst and drink desirability. In general, spontaneous overshoot of fluid consumption occurred during recovery.
本研究考察了运动引起的低水合状态下儿童口渴及饮料偏好的变化，以及在30分钟恢复期间的自主补液情况。24名9至13岁儿童（14名女性，10名男性）参与了4次在高温环境（35摄氏度，相对湿度20%）下进行的90分钟间歇性骑行运动；各次运动中儿童品尝的饮料不同（苹果汁、橙汁、水和葡萄汁）。在儿童脱水至初始体重约0.76%的过程中，对口渴和饮料偏好进行了评估（采用模拟量表和分类量表）。在90分钟的脱水过程中，所有饮料的口渴强度均增加。在整个脱水阶段，葡萄汁是较受欢迎的饮料，但与橙汁、苹果汁和水相比，其受欢迎程度增加幅度较小。在30分钟的恢复期间，大多数受试者自主补液，葡萄汁组超过基线水平0.76±0.15%（均值±标准误），苹果汁组为0.40±0.15，橙汁组为0.71±0.18，水组为0.48±0.16。尽管所有饮料都能实现完全补液，但葡萄汁和橙汁组的补液量在统计学上显著高于水组和苹果汁组（p<0.05）。研究得出结论，运动期间的轻度低水合状态会增加儿童的口渴感和饮料偏好。总体而言，恢复期间出现了液体摄入量的自主超量补充。
