Apter A, Abu Shah M, Iancu I, Abramovitch H, Weizman A, Tyano S
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Geha Psychiatric Hospital.
Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1994 Feb;120(1):83-99.
We assessed eating attitudes and body image using the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT: Garner & Garfinkel, 1979) and a 17-item body image scale in Israeli Jewish female high school populations in five distinct residential settings (kibbutz, moshav, city, and 2 different boarding schools); in five ethnically distinct Arab female high school populations (Muslim, Christian, Druze, Circassian, and Bedouin); and in a group of hospitalized adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. We hypothesized that the attitudes of the adolescent females most exposed to Western body shape ideals and simultaneously undergoing role conflict between traditional and modern images of the female role would most resemble attitudes of anorectics. This was partly supported by the findings. Ethnic differences also emerged in attitude toward food. All the Arab populations except the Circassian showed strong Western influences in their attitudes toward eating and body image and thus may well be prone to epidemics of anorexia and similar eating disorders in the near future. Kibbutz girls were most similar to the anorectic group.
我们使用《饮食态度测试-26》（EAT：加纳和加芬克尔，1979年）以及一个包含17个项目的身体意象量表，对来自以色列犹太女性高中群体的五个不同居住环境（基布兹、莫沙夫、城市以及两所不同的寄宿学校）、五个不同种族的阿拉伯女性高中群体（穆斯林、基督教、德鲁兹、切尔克斯和贝都因）的女孩，以及一组患有神经性厌食症的住院青春期女孩，进行了饮食态度和身体意象的评估。我们假设，那些最容易接触到西方理想体型观念，同时又在传统与现代女性角色形象之间经历角色冲突的青春期女性的态度，将最类似于神经性厌食症患者的态度。研究结果部分支持了这一假设。在对食物的态度上也出现了种族差异。除切尔克斯人外，所有阿拉伯群体在饮食和身体意象态度上都表现出强烈的西方影响，因此在不久的将来很可能容易出现厌食症和类似饮食失调症的流行。基布兹女孩与神经性厌食症患者组最为相似。
