Adrien A, Cayemittes M, Bergevin Y
Center for AIDS Studies, Montreal General Hospital, Canada.
Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1993;27(3):234-43.
AIDS constitutes an important public health problem in Haiti, where it appears to be spread mainly through heterosexual encounters. The study reported here employed in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and a national cross-sectional survey of 1,300 men and 1,300 women 15 to 49 years old to assess AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices in Haiti. According to criteria established for the study, 38.1% of the 1,118 sexually active male survey respondents were found to engage in high-risk behavior. In general, the women were found to have better knowledge of AIDS than the men. Significant obstacles to condom use included the inability of women to choose whether condoms would be used and a belief that condom lubricant could cause health problems. The study also found a tendency to ostracize people with AIDS, especially in areas outside Port-au-Prince, and a belief that AIDS was imposed on people by fate--which could partially explain the tendency to persist in high-risk behavior.
艾滋病在海地是一个重要的公共卫生问题，在该国艾滋病似乎主要通过异性接触传播。本文所报道的研究采用了深度访谈、焦点小组讨论以及对1300名年龄在15至49岁之间的男性和1300名女性进行的全国性横断面调查，以评估海地与艾滋病相关的知识、态度、信念和行为。根据该研究设定的标准，在1118名有性活动的男性调查对象中，38.1%的人被发现有高危行为。总体而言，女性被发现比男性对艾滋病有更好的了解。使用避孕套的重大障碍包括女性无法选择是否使用避孕套以及认为避孕套润滑剂会导致健康问题。该研究还发现存在排斥艾滋病患者的倾向，尤其是在太子港以外的地区，并且认为艾滋病是命运强加给人们的——这可能部分解释了持续存在高危行为的倾向。
