Frischer T, Kuehr J, Meinert R, Karmaus W, Urbanek R
University Children's Hospital, Freiburg/Breisgau, Germany.
Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Sep;152(9):771-5. doi: 10.1007/BF01954000.
Using cross-sectional data of an epidemiological study, risk factors for asthma and recurrent wheezy bronchitis were investigated in 1812 primary school children. Children with asthma (n = 63) had a similar pattern but a higher frequency of chronic respiratory symptoms than those with recurrent wheezy bronchitis (n = 136). Logistic regression analyses showed similar risk factors for both disorders, however, more pronounced for asthma. Prematurity was a significant risk factor for asthma and for recurrent wheezy bronchitis. Children with asthma more often had a family history of paternal or maternal asthma and their mothers tended to be younger. Effects of paternal asthma and prematurity were also found when the atopic status of the child (defined as skin test positivity to any of seven aero allergens) was taken into account. Next to genetic effects, adverse circumstances in early life seem to be important for the development of asthma. In school children recurrent wheezy bronchitis and asthma seem to be similar disorders which differ in quantitative but not qualitative aspects.
利用一项流行病学研究的横断面数据，对1812名小学生的哮喘和复发性喘息性支气管炎的危险因素进行了调查。哮喘患儿（n = 63）与复发性喘息性支气管炎患儿（n = 136）有相似的症状模式，但慢性呼吸道症状的发生率更高。逻辑回归分析显示，两种疾病的危险因素相似，但哮喘更为明显。早产是哮喘和复发性喘息性支气管炎的重要危险因素。哮喘患儿更常具有父系或母系哮喘家族史，且其母亲往往更年轻。当考虑儿童的特应性状态（定义为对七种空气过敏原中的任何一种皮肤试验呈阳性）时，也发现了父系哮喘和早产的影响。除了遗传因素外，早期生活中的不良环境似乎对哮喘的发展也很重要。在学龄儿童中，复发性喘息性支气管炎和哮喘似乎是相似的疾病，只是在数量而非质量方面有所不同。
