Dependence of maximal flow-volume curves on time course of preceding inspiration.

Thirteen normal subjects, sitting in a body plethysmograph and breathing through a pneumotachograph, performed forced vital capacity maneuvers after a rapid inspiration without or with an end-inspiratory pause (maneuvers 1 and 2) and after a slow inspiration without or with an end-inspiratory pause (maneuvers 3 and 4), the pause lasting 4-6 s. Inspirations were initiated close to functional residual capacity. At all lung volumes, expiratory flow was larger with maneuver 1 than with any other maneuver and, over the upper volume range, larger with maneuver 3 than with maneuver 4, whereas it was similar for maneuvers 2 and 4. Relative to corresponding values with maneuver 4, peak expiratory flow was approximately 16 and approximately 4% larger with maneuvers 1 and 3, respectively, whereas forced expiratory volume in 1 s increased by approximately 5% only with maneuver 1. The time dependence of maximal flow-volume curves is consistent with the presence of viscoelastic elements within the respiratory system (D'Angelo et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 70: 2602-2610, 1991).