Clayton S, Yang H, Guan J, Lin Z, Wang R
School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1772.
Am J Public Health. 1993 Dec;83(12):1685-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.12.1685.
To guide development of a hepatitis B control program in China, we investigated village doctors' sterilization practices, injection use, vaccination levels, and knowledge and counseling skills.
The head doctor from each village health station in a rural county (n = 260) completed a self-administered questionnaire.
Of the respondents, 94.2% reported adequate sterilization of needles; however, inadequate sterilization of syringes and acupuncture needles was common. Injections were found to be frequent and profitable. Of head doctors, 16.2% reported that most infants in their villages are vaccinated against hepatitis B. There was very high knowledge of modes of hepatitis B transmission, but it was not used to formulate advice for a hypothetical carrier. Knowledge of the consequences, prevalence, and use of condoms to prevent sexual transmission was lower.
The sterilization of acupuncture needles, reuse of syringes, and frequent injections are practices that may transmit the hepatitis B virus. Research into issues of vaccine acceptance is needed to expand immunization. A review of treatment practices and better training in counseling for village doctors is suggested.
为指导中国乙肝防控项目的开展，我们调查了乡村医生的消毒操作、注射使用情况、疫苗接种水平以及知识和咨询技能。
一个乡村县的每个村卫生室的主治医生（n = 260）完成了一份自填式问卷。
在受访者中，94.2%报告对针头进行了充分消毒；然而，注射器和针灸针消毒不充分的情况很常见。发现注射操作频繁且有利可图。在主治医生中，16.2%报告他们所在村庄的大多数婴儿接种了乙肝疫苗。对乙肝传播方式的知晓率非常高，但未用于为假设的携带者提供建议。对后果、患病率以及使用避孕套预防性传播的知晓率较低。
针灸针消毒、注射器重复使用和频繁注射等操作可能传播乙肝病毒。需要开展关于疫苗接受度问题的研究以扩大免疫接种。建议对乡村医生的治疗操作进行审查并加强咨询方面的培训。
