Schorn M N, McAllister J L, Blanco J D
Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Houston, TX 77026.
J Nurse Midwifery. 1993 Nov-Dec;38(6):336-42. doi: 10.1016/0091-2182(93)90014-8.
The use of warm water immersion (WI) by women for relaxation during labor is being used around the world; however, there is little available research as to the effects of WI. We conducted this prospective, randomized, and controlled study to determine the safety and effect of WI on the woman in labor. We studied 93 subjects between 36 and 41 weeks' gestation, in active labor, with intact membranes, and without major medical or obstetric complications. Subjects in the WI group utilized a tub in labor along with other pain relief measures such as ambulation, rest, showers, and analgesics. Subjects in the no-WI group could use all available methods of pain relief except WI. Water immersion did not alter the rate of cervical dilation, change the contraction pattern, change the length of labor, or alter the use of analgesia. The rates of chorioamnionitis and endometritis were not altered by WI. Although we did not demonstrate an improvement in progression of labor by WI, there was no evidence of increased maternal, neonatal, or infectious morbidity.
世界各地的女性在分娩期间使用温水浸泡（WI）来放松；然而，关于WI的效果，现有研究很少。我们进行了这项前瞻性、随机对照研究，以确定WI对分娩女性的安全性和效果。我们研究了93名妊娠36至41周、处于活跃期分娩、胎膜完整且无重大内科或产科并发症的受试者。WI组的受试者在分娩时使用浴盆以及其他缓解疼痛的措施，如走动、休息、淋浴和使用镇痛药。非WI组的受试者可以使用除WI之外的所有可用的疼痛缓解方法。温水浸泡并未改变宫颈扩张率、改变宫缩模式、改变产程长度或改变镇痛药的使用。WI并未改变绒毛膜羊膜炎和子宫内膜炎的发生率。虽然我们没有证明WI能改善产程进展，但没有证据表明孕产妇、新生儿或感染性发病率增加。
