van der Logt J T
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Aging (Milano). 1993 Aug;5(4):317-23. doi: 10.1007/BF03324181.
Numerous viruses, mycoplasmas, bacteria and parasites have been associated with infectious diseases in laboratory animals. It is clear that pathogenic agents causing overt disease represent a serious hazard to research results in both short- as well as long-term studies. However, these organisms may contaminate colonies without causing any clinical or pathological symptom. This makes research less reliable because of the more subtle effects of the silent infections, especially in long-term studies as in aging research. The establishment of animal colonies that were free from these (micro-) organisms has increased substantially the value of animals used in biomedical research. Characterization of the health status and microbiological monitoring of the animals in experiments are particularly important. This paper reviews many of the major considerations in the efforts to maintain animals free of unwanted organisms, including quality and sources of animals, transportation and quarantine, maintenance during experimentation, microbiological characterization and monitoring of animals and environment.
许多病毒、支原体、细菌和寄生虫都与实验动物的传染病有关。显然，导致显性疾病的病原体对短期和长期研究的研究结果都构成严重危害。然而，这些生物体可能会污染动物群体，而不引起任何临床或病理症状。这使得研究的可靠性降低，因为隐性感染的影响更为微妙，尤其是在衰老研究等长期研究中。建立无这些（微）生物体的动物群体，极大地提高了用于生物医学研究的动物的价值。实验中动物健康状况的表征和微生物监测尤为重要。本文综述了在努力使动物无有害生物体方面的许多主要考虑因素，包括动物的质量和来源、运输和检疫、实验期间的饲养、动物和环境的微生物表征及监测。
