Corcoran K J, Segrist D J
Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondal 62901.
Addict Behav. 1993 Sep-Oct;18(5):577-82. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(93)90073-i.
Eighty-five college student drinkers participated in a study designed to investigate competing expectancies in predicting drinking in each of three situations. Participants were assigned to either a solitary, social-information (others aware of drink selected), or social-no-information (others present but unaware of beverage selection) condition, and asked to watch a TV show which they would later be asked to rate. As part of the procedure, they were told that the beverage of their choice (selected from a list provided by the experimenter) would be made available to them. Results indicate that when no information is available to others concerning beverage selection, the expectancy that alcohol enhances social and physical pleasure is the sole predictor of beverage selection. When others are likely to know what one has selected, fear of negative evaluation is the sole predictor of selection. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of evaluating multiple reinforcers and expectancies in attempting to predict drinking behavior.
八十五名大学生饮酒者参与了一项研究，该研究旨在调查在三种情境中预测饮酒行为时相互竞争的预期。参与者被分配到单独情境、社会信息情境（其他人知道所选饮品）或社会无信息情境（其他人在场但不知道饮品选择），并被要求观看一个电视节目，之后会要求他们对该节目进行评分。作为实验程序的一部分，他们被告知会提供他们从实验者提供的列表中选择的饮品。结果表明，当其他人无法得知饮品选择信息时，酒精能增强社交和身体愉悦感的预期是饮品选择的唯一预测因素。当其他人可能知道某人所选饮品时，对负面评价的恐惧是选择的唯一预测因素。研究结果从评估多种强化因素和预期在预测饮酒行为时的重要性方面进行了讨论。
