Stellman S D, Wang Q S
Division of Epidemiology, American Health Foundation, New York, New York 10017.
Cancer. 1994 Feb 15;73(4):1270-5. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19940215)73:4<1270::aid-cncr2820730423>3.0.co;2-y.
Cancer rates in immigrant populations are frequently found to be intermediate between the country of origin and the adopted country. Such observations play an important role in establishing the environmental origin of cancer. Chinese now constitute the third largest group immigrating to New York City.
Cancer deaths in New York City (1986-90) among 706 male and 412 female foreign-born Chinese were compared using proportional cancer mortality ratios (PCMR) with Chinese who died of cancer in Tianjin, China (19,461 deaths, 1983-87), and with United States-born whites in New York City (32,293 deaths).
Cancer sites were divided into those for which the age-adjusted PCMR were significantly higher in Tianjin Chinese (TC) compared with New York City whites (NYW), and those for which PCMR were significantly lower in TC compared with NYW. PCMR for Chinese immigrants usually fell between those of TC and NYW, but some were closer to those of TC (e.g., liver, gallbladder, female lung) whereas other sites were closer to those of NYW (e.g., esophagus, colon, rectum).
These data provide additional support for the concept that much cancer originates with and can be modified by environmental factors.
移民人群的癌症发病率常常介于原籍国和移入国之间。此类观察结果在确定癌症的环境起源方面起着重要作用。目前，华人是移民到纽约市的第三大群体。
采用比例癌症死亡率（PCMR），对1986 - 1990年纽约市706名外国出生的华裔男性和412名华裔女性的癌症死亡情况，与在中国天津死于癌症的华人（1983 - 1987年，19461例死亡）以及纽约市美国出生的白人（32293例死亡）进行比较。
癌症部位分为两类，一类是年龄调整后的PCMR在天津华人（TC）中显著高于纽约市白人（NYW）的部位，另一类是TC中PCMR显著低于NYW的部位。华裔移民的PCMR通常介于TC和NYW之间，但有些更接近TC（如肝脏、胆囊、女性肺癌），而其他部位更接近NYW（如食管、结肠、直肠）。
这些数据为许多癌症起源于环境因素并可被环境因素改变这一概念提供了更多支持。
