Decina L E, Staplin L
KETRON Division, Bionetics Corporation, Malvern, PA 19355-1370.
Accid Anal Prev. 1993 Jun;25(3):267-75. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(93)90021-n.
Visual examinations of 12,400 drivers in Pennsylvania were conducted at the time of their license renewal. Static binocular tests of visual acuity, horizontal visual field, and contrast sensitivity at varying spatial frequencies were given to license renewal operators who were unaware that their vision would be tested when they arrived at a facility where license photographs are processed. Examination results were correlated with involvement in selected crash categories over a 3.67-year period, taking (self-reported) mileage into account. Neither visual acuity nor horizontal visual field measures in isolation were significantly related to crash involvement. The combination of visual acuity, horizontal visual fields, and broad contrast sensitivity criteria was significantly related to increasing crash involvement for drivers aged 66-75 and 76 and over. The implications of including contrast sensitivity measures in driver vision screening protocols are considered.
宾夕法尼亚州对12400名司机在更换驾照时进行了视力检查。对更换驾照的人员进行了静态双眼视力、水平视野以及不同空间频率下对比敏感度的测试，这些人员在到达处理驾照照片的机构时并不知道自己的视力会被检测。研究考虑了（自我报告的）里程数，将检查结果与3.67年期间参与特定碰撞类型的情况进行了关联分析。单独的视力或水平视野测量与碰撞事故的参与情况均无显著关联。视力、水平视野和广泛的对比敏感度标准相结合，与66 - 75岁以及76岁及以上司机碰撞事故参与率的增加显著相关。文中还考虑了在驾驶员视力筛查方案中纳入对比敏感度测量的意义。
