Holmström G, el Azazi M, Jacobson L, Lennerstrand G
Department of Ophthalmology, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1993 Jul;77(7):417-23. doi: 10.1136/bjo.77.7.417.
A prospective population based study including 260 children with a birth weight of 1500 g or less was performed in the Stockholm county. The total incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was 40.4%, while severe ROP--that is, stage 3 or more, was seen in 20.0%. Cryotherapy was performed in 10.8%. Logistic regression analysis revealed independent association of both gestational age and birth weight with ROP. The association of gestational age and ROP was significantly stronger, indicating that the degree of immaturity of the eye is a main predictive factor for the development of ROP. The purpose of a general screening for ROP is to identify children requiring cryotherapy. Based on these results it seems appropriate to include children with a gestational age of 32 weeks or less in such a programme and a first examination at 5-6 weeks of postnatal age is suggested.
在斯德哥尔摩县开展了一项基于人群的前瞻性研究，纳入了260名出生体重1500克及以下的儿童。早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的总发病率为40.4%，而重度ROP（即3期及以上）的发病率为20.0%。10.8%的患儿接受了冷冻治疗。逻辑回归分析显示，胎龄和出生体重均与ROP独立相关。胎龄与ROP的关联显著更强，表明眼睛的不成熟程度是ROP发生的主要预测因素。ROP常规筛查的目的是识别需要冷冻治疗的儿童。基于这些结果，将胎龄32周及以下的儿童纳入此类筛查项目似乎是合适的，建议在出生后5至6周进行首次检查。
