Spivey-Knowlton M J, Trueswell J C, Tanenhaus M K
Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, NY 14627.
Can J Exp Psychol. 1993 Jun;47(2):276-309. doi: 10.1037/h0078826.
This article examines how certain types of semantic and discourse context affect the processing of relative clauses which are temporarily ambiguous between a relative clause and a main clause (e.g., "The actress selected by the director ..."). We review recent results investigating local semantic context and temporal context, and we present some new data investigating referential contexts. The set of studies demonstrate that, contrary to many recent claims in the literature, all of these types of context can have early effects on syntactic, ambiguity resolution during on-line reading comprehension. These results are discussed within a "constraint-based" framework for ambiguity resolution in which effects of context are determined by the strength and relevance of the contextual constraint and by the availability of the syntactic alternatives.
本文探讨了某些类型的语义和语篇语境如何影响关系从句的处理，这些关系从句在关系从句和主句之间存在临时歧义（例如，“被导演选中的女演员……”）。我们回顾了最近关于局部语义语境和时间语境的研究结果，并展示了一些关于指称语境的新数据。这一系列研究表明，与文献中最近的许多观点相反，所有这些类型的语境都可以在在线阅读理解过程中对句法歧义消解产生早期影响。这些结果在一个“基于约束”的歧义消解框架内进行了讨论，在该框架中，语境的影响由语境约束的强度和相关性以及句法替代项的可用性决定。
