Slade R, Crissman K, Norwood J, Hatch G
Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Exp Lung Res. 1993 Jul-Aug;19(4):469-84. doi: 10.3109/01902149309064358.
Antioxidants located in the lining layer of the respiratory tract may be important in determining sensitivity of lung tissues to inhaled pollutants. This study addressed species differences in the amounts of ascorbic acid (AH2), glutathione (GSH), uric acid (UA), and alpha-tocopherol (AT) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and cells of humans, guinea pigs, and rats. Protein and lipid phosphorus (lipid P) were used as normalizing factors. More than 90% of the lavageable AH2, UA, GSH, protein, and lipid P was present in the extracellular fraction of BAL in rats and guinea pigs, while over 95% of the lavageable AT was located in the BAL cells. BAL fluid AH2/protein in rats was 7- to 9-fold higher than in humans and guinea pigs. However, human BAL fluid had 2- to 8-fold higher UA/protein, GSH/protein, and AT/protein ratios than rats and guinea pigs. In BAL cells, rats had higher AH2/protein and AT/protein ratios than guinea pigs and humans, and both rats and guinea pigs had higher GSH and AT/protein ratios than humans. Individual variability among humans in the BAL fluid and cellular antioxidants was generally greater than in the laboratory animals. These data demonstrate that some large species differences exist in BAL fluid and cellular antioxidants which could affect susceptibility to oxidant pollutants.
呼吸道内衬层中的抗氧化剂可能在决定肺组织对吸入污染物的敏感性方面具有重要作用。本研究探讨了人类、豚鼠和大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）液及细胞中抗坏血酸（AH2）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、尿酸（UA）和α-生育酚（AT）含量的物种差异。蛋白质和脂质磷（脂质P）用作标准化因子。在大鼠和豚鼠中，超过90%的可灌洗AH2、UA、GSH、蛋白质和脂质P存在于BAL的细胞外部分，而超过95%的可灌洗AT位于BAL细胞中。大鼠BAL液中的AH2/蛋白质比人类和豚鼠高7至9倍。然而，人类BAL液中的UA/蛋白质、GSH/蛋白质和AT/蛋白质比值比大鼠和豚鼠高2至8倍。在BAL细胞中，大鼠的AH2/蛋白质和AT/蛋白质比值高于豚鼠和人类，大鼠和豚鼠的GSH和AT/蛋白质比值均高于人类。人类BAL液和细胞抗氧化剂的个体差异通常大于实验动物。这些数据表明，BAL液和细胞抗氧化剂存在一些较大的物种差异，这可能会影响对氧化污染物的易感性。
