Qvist J, Hurford W E, Park Y S, Radermacher P, Falke K J, Ahn D W, Guyton G P, Stanek K S, Hong S K, Weber R E
Department of Anesthesia, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1993 Jul;75(1):285-93. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1993.75.1.285.
Korean female unassisted divers (cachido ama) breath-hold dive > 100 times to depths of 3-7 m during a work day. We sought to determine the extent of arterial hypoxemia during normal working dives and reasonable time limits for breath-hold diving by measuring radial artery blood gas tensions and pH in five cachido ama who dove to a fixed depth of 4-5 m and then continued to breath hold for various times after their return to the surface. Eighty-two blood samples were withdrawn from indwelling radial artery catheters during 37 ocean dives. We measured compression hyperoxia [arterial PO2 = 141 +/- 24 (SD) Torr] and hypercapnia (arterial PCO2 = 46.6 +/- 2.4 Torr) at depth. Mean arterial PO2 near the end of breath-hold dives lasting 32-95 s (62 +/- 14 s) was decreased (62.6 +/- 13.5 Torr). Mean arterial PCO2 reached 49.9 +/- 5.4 Torr. Complete return of these values to their baseline did not occur until 15-20 s after breathing was resumed. In dives of usual working duration (< 30 s), blood gas tensions remained within normal ranges. Detailed analysis of hemoglobin components and intrinsic oxygenation properties revealed no evidence for adaptive changes that could increase the tolerance of the ama to hypoxic or hypothermic conditions associated with repetitive diving.
韩国女性自由潜水者（cachido ama）在一个工作日内进行超过100次屏气潜水，深度达3至7米。我们通过测量5名cachido ama的桡动脉血气张力和pH值，试图确定正常工作潜水期间动脉血氧不足的程度以及屏气潜水的合理时间限制。这些潜水者潜至4至5米的固定深度，回到水面后再继续屏气不同时间。在37次海上潜水过程中，从留置的桡动脉导管中采集了82份血样。我们测量了在深度时的压缩性高氧血症（动脉血氧分压 = 141 ± 24（标准差）托）和高碳酸血症（动脉血二氧化碳分压 = 46.6 ± 2.4托）。屏气潜水持续32至95秒（平均62 ± 14秒）接近结束时，平均动脉血氧分压降低（62.6 ± 13.5托）。平均动脉血二氧化碳分压达到49.9 ± 5.4托。直到恢复呼吸15至20秒后，这些值才完全恢复到基线水平。在通常工作时长（< 30秒）的潜水中，血气张力保持在正常范围内。对血红蛋白成分和内在氧合特性的详细分析显示，没有证据表明存在适应性变化，可增加潜水者对与重复潜水相关的低氧或低温状况的耐受性。
