Hay D
National Heart Foundation of New Zealand.
J R Coll Physicians Lond. 1993 Jul;27(3):315-9.
The prevalence of cigarette smoking in New Zealand has fallen over the past 20 years to 27% in both men and women. Rates remain high in women aged 15-24 years (33%) and in the Maori population (52% of men and women over 15 years). Tobacco consumption has fallen by 46% since 1975 and New Zealand now has the second lowest consumption of all OECD countries. Coincident with the reduction in smoking, there has been a 37% decline in age-standardised coronary heart disease mortality rates in men and 34% in women between 1968 and 1989. Since 1976 the incidence of lung cancer in men has fallen by 25% but increased by 38% in women. The decline was highest in non-Maori men aged 45-54 years (46%). Life expectancy has increased by four years in both men and women since 1970. New Zealand legislation against smoking was introduced in 1903 and culminated in the 1990 Smoke-free Environments Act. This provides for smoke-free environments, prohibition of tobacco advertising, restrictions on tobacco sponsorship, and the establishment of a Health Sponsorship Council.
在过去20年里，新西兰吸烟率呈下降趋势，目前男性和女性的吸烟率均为27%。15至24岁女性（33%）和毛利人群体（15岁及以上男性和女性的吸烟率为52%）的吸烟率仍然很高。自1975年以来，烟草消费量下降了46%，新西兰目前在经合组织所有国家中烟草消费量排名第二低。与吸烟率下降相一致的是，1968年至1989年间，男性年龄标准化冠心病死亡率下降了37%，女性下降了34%。自1976年以来，男性肺癌发病率下降了25%，但女性肺癌发病率上升了38%。45至54岁非毛利男性的下降幅度最大（46%）。自1970年以来，男性和女性的预期寿命均增加了4岁。新西兰的禁烟立法始于1903年，并在1990年的《无烟环境法案》中达到顶峰。该法案规定了无烟环境、禁止烟草广告、限制烟草赞助以及设立健康赞助委员会。
