LeVeen H H, LeVeen R F, LeVeen E G
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1993 Feb;176(2):183-90.
The predominance of elemental iodine as a chemical antiseptic has been established during a century. Free iodine is effective for treatment and prevention of infection. Iodophors, such as povidone-iodine, have replaced elemental iodine in clinical use. Toxic absorption of povidone-iodine occurs from all tissues except intact adult skin, to which its use should be restricted. Povidone-iodine binds iodine so firmly that insufficient free iodine is released to be effective for treating or preventing infection. It is a weak antiseptic that is marginally acceptable as a disinfectant for adult skin. The shortcomings of povidone-iodine stimulated a search for iodophors that would liberate therapeutically effective concentrations of free iodine. These investigations led to a new self-sterilizing plastic formed by the complexing of polyurethane and iodine.
在一个世纪的时间里，单质碘作为化学防腐剂的主导地位已经确立。游离碘对治疗和预防感染有效。碘伏，如聚维酮碘，已在临床应用中取代了单质碘。除完整的成人皮肤外，聚维酮碘可从所有组织中发生毒性吸收，其使用应仅限于成人皮肤。聚维酮碘与碘结合非常牢固，以至于释放出的游离碘不足以有效治疗或预防感染。它是一种弱防腐剂，仅勉强可作为成人皮肤消毒剂。聚维酮碘的缺点促使人们寻找能释放治疗有效浓度游离碘的碘伏。这些研究导致了一种由聚氨酯和碘络合形成的新型自消毒塑料的出现。
