Rugle L, Melamed L
Brecksville V.A. Medical Center, Ohio 44141.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1993 Feb;181(2):107-12. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199302000-00006.
Deficits in executive, frontally mediated attention processes have been observed in substance abusers. A significant rate of childhood histories of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has also been reported in this population, creating the question of whether attention problems predated addiction or were secondary to neurological drug or alcohol effects in pathological gamblers. To address this issue, the current study compared 33 non-substance-abusing pathological gamblers with 33 nonaddicted controls on nine attention measures and childhood behavior questionnaires. Gamblers performed significantly worse than controls on higher order attention measures and reported more childhood behaviors consistent with attention deficits. Results suggest attention deficits may be a risk factor for development of addictive disorders.
在药物滥用者中已观察到执行功能、额叶介导的注意力过程存在缺陷。该人群中也有相当比例的人有注意力缺陷多动障碍的童年病史，这就产生了一个问题，即注意力问题是先于成瘾出现，还是在病态赌徒中继发于神经药物或酒精的影响。为解决这个问题，本研究在九项注意力测量和童年行为问卷方面，对33名非药物滥用的病态赌徒与33名非成瘾对照者进行了比较。在高阶注意力测量方面，赌徒的表现明显比对照者差，并且报告了更多与注意力缺陷相符的童年行为。结果表明，注意力缺陷可能是成瘾性障碍发展的一个风险因素。
