Eichner E R
Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73190.
Am J Med. 1993 Feb;94(2):205-11. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(93)90185-r.
Just as drugs that enhance exercise capacity and/or athletic performance are often called "ergogenic," drugs that impair these functions can be termed "ergolytic." Today's athletes hear too much about the former and too little about the latter. Ergolytic drugs used today by certain athletes include alcohol, marijuana, smokeless tobacco, cocaine, antihypertensives, eye drops, and diuretics. Some antidepressants, too, can be ergolytic, as well as some antihistamines and other common drugs--even caffeine--in some settings, for some people. Internists can help their fitness-minded patients by educating them about ergolytic drugs and by tailoring their management to foster peak performance at work and play.
正如那些增强运动能力和/或运动表现的药物常被称为“促力的”一样，损害这些功能的药物可被称作“抑力的”。如今的运动员听到太多关于前者的信息，而关于后者的信息却太少。如今某些运动员使用的抑力药物包括酒精、大麻、无烟烟草、可卡因、抗高血压药、眼药水和利尿剂。一些抗抑郁药也可能是抑力的，还有一些抗组胺药以及其他常见药物——甚至咖啡因——在某些情况下对某些人来说也是如此。内科医生可以通过向注重健康的患者介绍抑力药物，并根据患者情况调整治疗方案，以帮助他们在工作和运动中发挥出最佳表现。
