Rautalahti M, Albanes D, Virtamo J, Palmgren J, Haukka J, Heinonen O P
National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Eur J Epidemiol. 1993 Jan;9(1):17-25. doi: 10.1007/BF00463085.
A case-control study of 67 cases of breast cancer and 157 controls was conducted to investigate the role of different behavioral, reproductive, and hormonal factors and to develop a unifying indicator of breast cancer risk. The results confirm previous reports of the influence of smoking on the risk of breast cancer. Age at menarche was found to be a risk factor among the premenopausal women. Late age at menopause was suggestive of an increase in risk. Long use of oral contraceptive or estrogen supplementation were risk-enhancing both pre- and postmenopausally. Lifetime duration of menstrual activity (LMA) combines age at menarche and menopause, parity, and lactation into a biologically plausible model. Our findings concerning LMA support its role as a determinant of breast cancer.
开展了一项病例对照研究，涉及67例乳腺癌患者和157名对照者，旨在调查不同行为、生殖和激素因素的作用，并制定一个统一的乳腺癌风险指标。研究结果证实了先前关于吸烟对乳腺癌风险影响的报道。初潮年龄被发现是绝经前女性的一个风险因素。绝经年龄较晚提示风险增加。长期使用口服避孕药或补充雌激素在绝经前后均会增加风险。月经活动的终生持续时间（LMA）将初潮年龄、绝经年龄、产次和哺乳整合到一个生物学上合理的模型中。我们关于LMA的研究结果支持其作为乳腺癌决定因素的作用。
