Ripa L W
Department of Children's Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.
J Public Health Dent. 1993 Winter;53(1):17-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02666.x.
The nearly 50-year history of community water fluoridation is reviewed with the major emphasis on the benefits and safety of fluoridation. Other aspects of water fluoridation also described include the apparent reduction in measurable fluoridation benefits because of the abundance of other fluoride sources, the diffusion of fluoridation effects into fluoride-deficient communities, preeruptive and posteruptive effects, technical and cost aspects, sociopolitical and legal issues that affect the successful fluoridation of communities, and alternatives to community water fluoridation. The majority of studies have evaluated the effectiveness of water fluoridation on the permanent teeth of children, while there are fewer studies on deciduous teeth and in adults; the relationship between fluoride ingestion and bone health needs further clarification; the sociopolitical issues of fluoridation need to be better understood.
回顾了近50年的社区水氟化历史，主要强调了水氟化的益处和安全性。还描述了水氟化的其他方面，包括由于其他氟源丰富而导致可测量的氟化益处明显减少、氟化作用扩散到缺氟社区、萌出前和萌出后的影响、技术和成本方面、影响社区成功实施水氟化的社会政治和法律问题，以及社区水氟化的替代方法。大多数研究评估了水氟化对儿童恒牙的有效性，而对乳牙和成人的研究较少；氟摄入与骨骼健康之间的关系需要进一步阐明；氟化的社会政治问题需要更好地理解。
