Hutton M D, Cauthen G M, Bloch A B
Surveillance and Epidemiologic Investigations Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Public Health Rep. 1993 May-Jun;108(3):305-14.
A survey of the 15,379 cases of tuberculosis reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by 29 State health departments in 1984 and 1985 revealed that 7.7 percent of the victims older than age 64 were living in a nursing home at the time of diagnosis and 1.8 percent between the ages of 15 and 64 were living in a correctional institution at the time of diagnosis. Incidence rates of tuberculosis for residents of nursing homes and for inmates of Federal and State prisons and local jails were estimated using denominators derived from institutional population counts provided by the National Center for Health Statistics and by the Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, and Bureau of Prisons. The aggregate tuberculosis incidence rate for nursing home residents in the 29 States was 1.8 times higher than the rate seen in elderly persons who were living in the community (95 percent confidence interval on the relative risk 1.64, 2.02). The aggregate tuberculosis incidence rate for inmates in correctional facilities was 3.9 times higher than the rate for persons of a similar age who were not incarcerated (95 percent confidence interval on the relative risk 3.35, 4.49). Strengths and limitations of the design and implications of the first survey of tuberculosis incidence, in a large number of States, among residents of nursing homes and correctional facilities are discussed.
1984年和1985年，29个州的卫生部门向疾病控制与预防中心报告了15379例结核病病例。调查显示，64岁以上的患者中有7.7%在确诊时住在养老院，15至64岁的患者中有1.8%在确诊时住在惩教机构。养老院居民以及联邦和州监狱及地方监狱囚犯的结核病发病率是根据美国国家卫生统计中心、美国司法部司法统计局和监狱管理局提供的机构人口计数得出的分母来估算的。29个州养老院居民的结核病总发病率比居住在社区的老年人高出1.8倍（相对风险的95%置信区间为1.64, 2.02）。惩教机构囚犯的结核病总发病率比未被监禁的同龄人高出3.9倍（相对风险的95%置信区间为3.35, 4.49）。本文讨论了在大量州中对养老院和惩教机构居民进行的首次结核病发病率调查的设计优缺点及意义。
