Lacey L P, Manfredi C, Balch G, Warnecke R B, Allen K, Edwards C
Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
Public Health Rep. 1993 May-Jun;108(3):387-94.
To accomplish significant reductions in smoking by the year 2000, special populations with relatively low rates of smoking cessation must be reached and helped to quit smoking. These populations are most often groups in which traditional approaches to smoking cessation have not been successful. Focus groups were conducted with black women who were residents of Chicago public housing developments. The purposes were to assess factors related to smoking and the women's willingness to participate in cessation programs. The findings reveal several barriers to smoking cessation. These barriers are linked to the difficult daily existence and environment of these women and to a lack of social support that would help them to achieve smoking cessation. The barriers include (a) managing their lives in highly stressful environments, (b) major isolation within these environments, (c) smoking as a pleasure attainable with very limited financial resources, (d) perceived minimal health risks of smoking, (e) commonality of smoking in their communities, (f) scarcity of information about the process of cessation available to them, and (g) belief that all they need is the determination to quit on their own. The women emphasized that smoking cessation would be more relevant to them if part of broader social support efforts geared to improve their lives. The public health system may need to consider such strategies to engage this group of women.
为了在2000年前大幅降低吸烟率，必须接触到戒烟率相对较低的特殊人群，并帮助他们戒烟。这些人群通常是传统戒烟方法未取得成功的群体。我们对居住在芝加哥公共住房开发区的黑人女性进行了焦点小组访谈。目的是评估与吸烟相关的因素以及这些女性参与戒烟项目的意愿。研究结果揭示了戒烟的几个障碍。这些障碍与这些女性艰难的日常生活和环境以及缺乏有助于她们实现戒烟的社会支持有关。这些障碍包括：(a) 在高度紧张的环境中管理自己的生活；(b) 在这些环境中严重孤立；(c) 吸烟是在经济资源非常有限的情况下能够获得的一种乐趣；(d) 认为吸烟对健康的风险极小；(e) 她们所在社区吸烟现象普遍；(f) 她们可获得的关于戒烟过程的信息匮乏；(g) 认为她们所需要的只是自己戒烟的决心。这些女性强调，如果戒烟成为旨在改善她们生活的更广泛社会支持努力的一部分，那么戒烟对她们来说会更有意义。公共卫生系统可能需要考虑采用此类策略来吸引这群女性。
