Vitale S, West S, Hallfrisch J, Alston C, Wang F, Moorman C, Muller D, Singh V, Taylor H R
Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore, MD.
Epidemiology. 1993 May;4(3):195-203. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199305000-00003.
We evaluated nutritional risk factors for cataract in 660 subjects enrolled in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging. As a part of a regular cycle of visits, nuclear and cortical lens photographs were taken over a 2-year period. Measurements of plasma antioxidants (beta-carotene, ascorbic acid, and alpha-tocopherol) were obtained in this cohort as part of the study protocol up to 4 years before lens photographs were taken. We found that plasma beta-carotene and ascorbic acid levels were not associated with risk of nuclear or cortical lens opacities. Higher levels of plasma alpha-tocopherol, however, were associated with a reduced risk of nuclear opacity [odds ratio (OR) for highest quartile vs lowest quartile = 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.27-0.98; OR for middle two quartiles vs lowest quartile = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.30-0.98], after adjusting for age, sex, and history of diabetes. Middle levels of alpha-tocopherol were associated with a reduced risk of cortical opacity (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.32-1.02), but no such association was observed for high levels of alpha-tocopherol. We constructed an index of overall antioxidant status, which indicated that higher levels of plasma antioxidants were not associated with risk of nuclear or cortical opacities.
我们对参加巴尔的摩纵向衰老研究的660名受试者的白内障营养风险因素进行了评估。作为定期访视周期的一部分，在两年时间内拍摄了晶状体核和皮质的照片。在拍摄晶状体照片前长达4年的时间里，按照研究方案对该队列中的受试者进行了血浆抗氧化剂（β-胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸和α-生育酚）的测量。我们发现，血浆β-胡萝卜素和抗坏血酸水平与晶状体核或皮质混浊的风险无关。然而，在调整年龄、性别和糖尿病史后，较高水平的血浆α-生育酚与晶状体核混浊风险降低相关[最高四分位数与最低四分位数的比值比（OR）=0.52，95%置信区间（CI）=0.27 - 0.98；中间两个四分位数与最低四分位数的OR = 0.55，95% CI = 0.30 - 0.98]。中等水平的α-生育酚与皮质混浊风险降低相关（OR = 0.57，95% CI = 0.32 - 1.02），但高水平的α-生育酚未观察到这种相关性。我们构建了一个总体抗氧化状态指数，结果表明较高水平的血浆抗氧化剂与晶状体核或皮质混浊风险无关。
