Gomez Morales M A, Atzori C, Ludovisi A, Rossi P, Scaglia M, Pozio E
Laboratory of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Trop Med Parasitol. 1995 Jun;46(2):109-14.
A survey on intestinal parasites in a rural area of Tanzania revealed the presence of eight protozoa and seven helminths in 287 subjects (81.8%). The prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica and Ascaris lumbricoides was higher in HIV-negative than in HIV-positive patients (P < 0.01; P < 0.04) (25.1% and 12.5% for E. histolytica; 10.5% and 3.7% for A. lumbricoides). On the other hand, Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli and Strongyloides stercoralis prevalence was higher in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative patients (P < 0.01). The prevalence of these two opportunistic protozoa was also higher in AIDS patients than in HIV-positive patients without AIDS. Specific anti-C. parvum IgG were detected by ELISA in 18% and 56% of HIV-negative and positive patients, respectively, confirming the high number of contacts between this parasite and humans. Specific anti-Encephalitozoon cuniculi and anti-Encephalitozoon hellem IgG were detected by IFA in 18% and 19% of subjects, respectively, without any correlation with HIV and malaria infections.
一项对坦桑尼亚农村地区肠道寄生虫的调查显示，在287名受试者（81.8%）中发现了8种原生动物和7种蠕虫。溶组织内阿米巴和蛔虫在HIV阴性患者中的患病率高于HIV阳性患者（P < 0.01；P < 0.04）（溶组织内阿米巴分别为25.1%和12.5%；蛔虫分别为10.5%和3.7%）。另一方面，微小隐孢子虫、贝氏等孢球虫和粪类圆线虫在HIV阳性患者中的患病率高于HIV阴性患者（P < 0.01）。这两种机会性原生动物在艾滋病患者中的患病率也高于无艾滋病的HIV阳性患者。通过ELISA分别在18%的HIV阴性患者和56%的HIV阳性患者中检测到特异性抗微小隐孢子虫IgG，证实了该寄生虫与人类之间的大量接触。通过IFA分别在18%和19%的受试者中检测到特异性抗兔脑炎微孢子虫和抗海伦脑炎微孢子虫IgG，与HIV和疟疾感染均无相关性。
