Johnson R F, Knapik J J, Merullo D J
Neuroscience Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760-5007, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 1995 Aug;81(1):331-8. doi: 10.2466/pms.1995.81.1.331.
Soldiers must often carry heavy loads which can lead to symptoms of body soreness, aches, pains, and tiredness. This study assessed symptoms when soldiers carried loads in the standard U.S. Army ALICE pack (a single backpack) and in a prototype Double Pack (a two-pack system designed to alleviate symptoms by evenly distributing the load between a backpack and a frontpack). Each of 15 male soldiers completed a 20-km (12.4 mi) road march while carrying either 34, 48, or 61 kg (75, 105, or 135 lb) and while wearing either the ALICE pack or the Double Pack. Symptoms included feeling alert, good, and wide awake. Postmarch symptoms included tiredness, muscle tightness, and soreness of the legs, feet, back, and shoulders. Analyses of eight symptom factors showed that (a) as load increased, fatigue and muscle discomfort intensified, and alertness and feelings of well-being diminished and (b) distress and heat-illness indices were most intense at 61 kg with the Double Pack.
士兵们常常需要背负沉重的负荷，这可能会导致身体酸痛、疼痛和疲劳等症状。本研究评估了士兵们背负标准的美国陆军单兵负载装具（ALICE背包，一种单背包）和原型双背包（一种双背包系统，旨在通过在背包和前背包之间均匀分配负荷来缓解症状）时的症状。15名男性士兵每人都完成了一次20公里（12.4英里）的行军，背负的重量分别为34、48或61公斤（75、105或135磅），同时分别佩戴ALICE背包或双背包。症状包括感觉警觉、良好和完全清醒。行军后的症状包括疲劳、肌肉紧绷以及腿部、脚部、背部和肩部的酸痛。对八个症状因素的分析表明：（a）随着负荷增加，疲劳和肌肉不适加剧，警觉性和幸福感降低；（b）在背负61公斤重量的双背包时，痛苦和热疾病指数最为强烈。
