Lehmacher A, Bockemühl J, Aleksic S
Institute of Hygiene, National Reference Centre for Enteric Pathogens, Hamburg, Germany.
Epidemiol Infect. 1995 Dec;115(3):501-11. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800058660.
Between April and September 1993, a nationwide outbreak of salmonellosis occurred in Germany which was traced to contaminated paprika and paprika-powdered potato chips. Of the estimated 1000 cases, children below 14 years were principally affected. Levels of 0.04-0.45 organisms per gram were found in the snacks. The infective dose was estimated at 4-45 organisms with an attack rate of 1 in 10,000 exposed persons. The unique feature of the outbreak was the variety of serovars involved. S. saintpaul, S. rubislaw and S. javiana were isolated during the same time period from paprika powder, spice mixtures, snacks and patients. Their clonal identity was confirmed by molecular typing methods. Furthermore, monophasic and non-motile strains of rare salmonella O-groups were isolated from both paprika products and patients. This is the largest documented outbreak due to contaminated spices which proved that even extremely low numbers of salmonellae adapted to the dry state were able to cause illness.
1993年4月至9月期间，德国爆发了一场全国性的沙门氏菌病疫情，源头是受污染的辣椒粉和辣椒粉味薯片。在估计的1000例病例中，主要受影响的是14岁以下的儿童。在这些零食中发现每克含有0.04 - 0.45个病原体。据估计，感染剂量为4 - 45个病原体，暴露人群的发病率为万分之一。此次疫情的独特之处在于涉及的血清型种类繁多。圣保罗沙门氏菌、鲁比斯拉夫沙门氏菌和哈维亚纳沙门氏菌在同一时期从辣椒粉、混合香料、零食和患者中分离出来。通过分子分型方法证实了它们的克隆同一性。此外，从辣椒粉产品和患者中均分离出了罕见沙门氏菌O群的单相和无动力菌株。这是有记录以来因受污染香料导致的最大规模疫情，证明即使适应干燥状态的沙门氏菌数量极少也能够引发疾病。
