MacKinnon D P, Williams-Avery R M, Pentz M A
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1104, USA.
Public Health Rep. 1995 Nov-Dec;110(6):754-63.
Because no published studies of young persons' knowledge and awareness of fetal alcohol syndrome are available, the awareness and beliefs about drinking while pregnant in several large samples of young persons ages 13-20 are examined. Approximately 81 percent of the entire sample that completed questionnaires in school surveys believe that drinking alcohol while pregnant can definitely harm the fetus, although males and younger persons are less likely to believe in this risk. A substantial proportion of respondents believe that occasional heavy use is not harmful and suggest a safe level of drinking that is higher than the Surgeon General's abstinence recommendations. Only 72 percent have heard of fetal alcohol syndrome, and more than one-third incorrectly report that it describes a baby born addicted to alcohol, that the syndrome can be inherited, and that it can be cured. As in prior studies of adults, beliefs about drinking while pregnant are inconsistent with the Surgeon General's recommendations. Implications for increasing the awareness of the risk of drinking while pregnant are discussed.
由于目前尚无已发表的关于年轻人对胎儿酒精综合征的知识和认识的研究，因此本文对13至20岁的几个年轻人大样本中关于孕期饮酒的认识和看法进行了调查。在学校调查中完成问卷的整个样本中，约81%的人认为孕期饮酒肯定会伤害胎儿，不过男性和较年轻的人不太可能相信这种风险。相当一部分受访者认为偶尔大量饮酒无害，并提出了一个高于卫生局局长戒酒建议的安全饮酒水平。只有72%的人听说过胎儿酒精综合征，超过三分之一的人错误地报告说，胎儿酒精综合征描述的是一个出生时对酒精上瘾的婴儿、该综合征可以遗传并且可以治愈。与先前对成年人的研究一样，关于孕期饮酒的看法与卫生局局长的建议不一致。本文还讨论了提高对孕期饮酒风险认识的意义。
