Khlat M
Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, Paris, France.
Cancer Causes Control. 1995 Nov;6(6):525-31. doi: 10.1007/BF00054161.
Whether non-European Mediterranean populations also benefit from the protective effect on health of the so-called Mediterranean diet is not know yet, as national mortality statistics are available in neither North Africa nor the Near East. This article investigates the cancer profile of Maghrebian and Near Eastern migrants, by gathering and discussing data from recent studies on cancer mortality in Mediterranean migrants of various origins in France and Australia. In France, the migrants originating from Morocco, and in Australia, the migrants originating from the Near East, have a lower mortality from all cancers than their host countries and than Italian migrants. Concerning specific sites, Moroccan and Near Eastern migrants have a cancer profile which is quite similar to that of the Italian migrants, with relatively low risks compared with the local-born for certain cancers typical of affluent societies (colon and rectum, breast, ovary, and prostate). In addition, the non-European Mediterranean migrants are protected even more than the Italians in the same host country from esophagus cancer, and Moroccans in France have a much lower risk than the local-born for lung cancer. Lastly, they tend to have a relatively high risk for some cancers which are likely to have a viral etiology: e.g., nasopharynx (Italians and Near Easterners), liver (Near Eastern males), and possibly cervix (Moroccans).
由于北非和近东地区均没有国家层面的死亡率统计数据，所以尚不清楚非欧洲地中海地区的人群是否也能从所谓的地中海饮食对健康的保护作用中获益。本文通过收集和讨论法国及澳大利亚不同来源的地中海移民癌症死亡率的近期研究数据，来调查马格里布和近东移民的癌症情况。在法国，来自摩洛哥的移民，以及在澳大利亚，来自近东地区的移民，其所有癌症的死亡率均低于其所在国以及意大利移民。在特定部位方面，摩洛哥和近东移民的癌症情况与意大利移民颇为相似，与当地出生人群相比，某些富裕社会典型癌症（结肠癌、直肠癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌）的风险相对较低。此外，在同一东道国，非欧洲地中海移民比意大利移民更不易患食管癌，在法国的摩洛哥人患肺癌的风险也远低于当地出生人群。最后，他们患某些可能由病毒引起的癌症的风险相对较高，例如鼻咽癌（意大利人和近东人）、肝癌（近东男性），以及可能的宫颈癌（摩洛哥人）。
