Clarkson P M, Newham D J
Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995;384:457-69. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1016-5_35.
Eccentric exercise results in muscle soreness, structural damage, prolonged losses in strength and range of motion, and neuromuscular dysfunction. Greater and longer lasting fatigue occurs after eccentric compared with concentric and isometric exercise. Higher forces are achieved during eccentric contractions with less ATP usage and greater increases in temperature. Although mechanisms involved in the damage and repair process are not well understood, active strain during eccentric contractions is suggested to cause the initial damage which increases over 2-3 days, followed by regeneration.
离心运动可导致肌肉酸痛、结构损伤、力量和运动范围的长期丧失以及神经肌肉功能障碍。与向心运动和等长运动相比，离心运动后会出现更强烈、持续时间更长的疲劳。在离心收缩过程中能以较少的ATP消耗和更大的温度升高产生更高的力量。虽然损伤和修复过程所涉及的机制尚未完全明确，但有观点认为离心收缩期间的主动应变会导致初始损伤，这种损伤在2至3天内加剧，随后是再生过程 。
