Feunekes G I, de Graaf C, van Staveren W A
Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands.
Physiol Behav. 1995 Sep;58(3):551-8. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(95)00087-y.
The effect of the number of others present on the amount of food eaten was investigated in the Netherlands by studying spontaneous meal size in 50 free-living young males and females. Subjects recorded food consumption, number of others present, hunger, taste of the food, food availability, and atmosphere at each eating or drinking moment for four (n = 30) or seven consecutive days (n = 20). The results of the study with four and the study with seven recording days were comparable. The mean Pearson within-person correlation coefficient between the number of other present and meal size was 0.24 (n = 50, p < 0.05). This correlation was significant for breakfast (0.40, p < 0.05) and snacks (0.18, p < 0.05), but not for lunch (r = 0.19, p > 0.05) and dinner (r = 0.15, p > 0.05). A path analysis showed no direct effect of the number of others on meal size, but revealed that social facilitation of spontaneous meal size was mediated by meal duration.
在荷兰，通过研究50名自由生活的年轻男性和女性的自发进餐量，调查了在场他人数量对食物摄入量的影响。受试者连续四天（n = 30）或七天（n = 20）记录每次进食或饮水时的食物消耗量、在场他人数量、饥饿程度、食物味道、食物可获得性和氛围。四天记录期的研究结果与七天记录期的研究结果具有可比性。在场他人数量与进餐量之间的平均皮尔逊个体内相关系数为0.24（n = 50，p < 0.05）。这种相关性在早餐时显著（0.40，p < 0.05），在吃零食时也显著（0.18，p < 0.05），但在午餐时不显著（r = 0.19，p > 0.05），在晚餐时也不显著（r = 0.15，p > 0.05）。路径分析表明，他人数量对进餐量没有直接影响，但揭示了自发进餐量的社会促进作用是由进餐持续时间介导的。
