Collins W E, Sullivan J S, Morris C L, Galland G G, Richardson B B
Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
J Parasitol. 1996 Apr;82(2):216-9.
The relapsing malaria parasites are characterized by the production of sporozoites with varying potential for exoerythrocytic development. Some sporozoites develop soon after introduction to produce mature schizonts and merozoites that initiate the erythrocytic stage infection. Relapsing hypnozoite forms are characteristic of some strains of Plasmodium vivax and are more apt to develop late than early with many time intervals in between. Studies in Saimiri monkeys suggest another type of sporozoite-induced infection. With the Salvador I strain of P. vivax, early developing exoerythrocytic schizonts apparently release parasites with different levels of virulence for these monkeys, ranging from those producing high-level parasitemia to a more abundant avirulent form. The induction of low-density avirulent infections requires the development of more sensitive detection methods for the evaluation of sporozoite vaccines.
复发性疟原虫的特征是产生具有不同潜隐期外发育能力的子孢子。一些子孢子在进入人体后不久就发育，产生成熟的裂殖体和裂殖子，从而引发红细胞期感染。复发性休眠子形式是间日疟原虫某些菌株的特征，并且更倾向于在较晚而非较早的时候发育，其间有许多时间间隔。对松鼠猴的研究表明了另一种子孢子诱导的感染类型。对于间日疟原虫的萨尔瓦多I株，早期发育的潜隐期裂殖体显然会释放出对这些猴子具有不同毒力水平的寄生虫，从产生高水平寄生虫血症的寄生虫到更丰富的无毒形式。诱导低密度无毒感染需要开发更灵敏的检测方法来评估子孢子疫苗。
