Otteson E W, Riolo J, Rowe J E, Nichol S T, Ksiazek T G, Rollin P E, St Jeor S C
Department of Microbiology, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Feb;54(2):127-33. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.127.
These studies were initiated to determine the prevalence and hosts of hantaviruses within the rodent population of Nevada and northeastern California. A total of 1,867 rodents were collected, sexed, weighed, identified, and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of antibody against hantavirus nucleocapsid. The primary hosts for hantaviruses in this region were found within the family Muridae (Peromyscus maniculatus. Reithrodontomys megalotis. and Microtus montanus). Studies over time of animals within a defined geographic area indicated that animals with hantavirus antibody are not distributed uniformly over the rodent population in a specific area but were found in foci spanning a distance of only several hundred meters. The antibody prevalence in a given geographic area remained relatively constant with repeated sampling of between 0% and 30%. These data support the hypothesis that rodents within the family Muridae are the primary reservoir for hantaviruses, and the primary risk to biologists for exposure to hantavirus is by contact with members of this family.
开展这些研究是为了确定内华达州和加利福尼亚州东北部啮齿动物种群中汉坦病毒的流行情况及其宿主。共收集了1867只啮齿动物，对其进行性别鉴定、称重、识别，并通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测是否存在抗汉坦病毒核衣壳抗体。该地区汉坦病毒的主要宿主存在于鼠科动物中（白足鼠、大林姬鼠和蒙塔努斯田鼠）。对特定地理区域内动物的长期研究表明，携带汉坦病毒抗体的动物并非均匀分布在特定区域的啮齿动物种群中，而是集中在仅几百米范围内的疫源地。在给定地理区域内，通过重复采样，抗体流行率相对稳定，在0%至30%之间。这些数据支持以下假设：鼠科动物是汉坦病毒的主要宿主，生物学家接触汉坦病毒的主要风险是与该科动物接触。
