Wataha J C, Hanks C T, Sun Z
Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Medical College of Georgia School of Dentistry, Augusta, USA.
Dent Mater. 1995 Jul;11(4):239-45. doi: 10.1016/0109-5641(95)80056-5.
This study was conducted to 1) measure the sensitivity of human and mouse macrophages to metal ions which are released from dental biomaterials, 2) compare these sensitivities with those of other cell types in the oral cavity, and 3) determine if metal ions alter the metabolism and synthetic processes of these cells at lower concentrations than are required to lyse the cells. This information will help define the biological risks associated with the release of metal ions into the oral cavity.
Macrophages were exposed to a range of concentrations of Ag1+, Au3+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pd2+, Pt4+, and Zn2+ for 24 h in cell culture. The concentrations which caused a 50% decrease in succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, protein production, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were measured and compared with these values for fibroblasts and osteoblasts.
Most metal ions caused alteration in SDH activity and protein production at lower concentrations than were required to induce LDH release. There were exceptions to this trend, and the differences were not always statistically significant. Furthermore, although the macrophages sometimes had statistically different sensitivities to metal ions than fibroblasts or osteoblasts, these differences were less than one order of magnitude. Macrophage response to the metal ions was highly dependent on the metal ion and the species of macrophage.
Macrophages react adversely to metal ions at similar concentrations as other cell types found in the oral cavity. Furthermore, the concentrations which affect cell metabolism and protein production are generally lower than those which lyse the cells. Thus, non-lethal concentrations of metal ions may alter the secretion of protein inflammatory mediators such as cytokines which direct the inflammatory response in tissues.
进行本研究以1）测量人和小鼠巨噬细胞对牙科生物材料释放的金属离子的敏感性，2）将这些敏感性与口腔中其他细胞类型的敏感性进行比较，以及3）确定金属离子是否在低于使细胞裂解所需的浓度下改变这些细胞的代谢和合成过程。这些信息将有助于明确与金属离子释放到口腔中相关的生物学风险。
在细胞培养中，将巨噬细胞暴露于一系列浓度的Ag1 +、Au3 +、Cu2 +、Hg2 +、Ni2 +、Pd2 +、Pt4 +和Zn2 +中24小时。测量导致琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活性、蛋白质产生和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放降低50%的浓度，并将这些值与成纤维细胞和成骨细胞的值进行比较。
大多数金属离子在诱导LDH释放所需的浓度以下就导致了SDH活性和蛋白质产生的改变。这一趋势存在例外情况，且差异并不总是具有统计学意义。此外，尽管巨噬细胞对金属离子的敏感性有时在统计学上与成纤维细胞或成骨细胞不同，但这些差异小于一个数量级。巨噬细胞对金属离子的反应高度依赖于金属离子和巨噬细胞的种类。
巨噬细胞在与口腔中发现的其他细胞类型相似的浓度下对金属离子产生不良反应。此外，影响细胞代谢和蛋白质产生的浓度通常低于使细胞裂解的浓度。因此，非致死浓度的金属离子可能会改变蛋白质炎症介质如细胞因子的分泌，这些介质指导组织中的炎症反应。
