Veenendaal D, de Boer J, Meijer B C, van der Waaij D, Wilkinson M H
Department of Medical Microbiology, Public Health Laboratory, The Netherlands.
Epidemiol Infect. 1996 Feb;116(1):35-40. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800058933.
Digital image processing (DIP) of bacterial smears is a new method of analysing the composition of the gut microbial flora. This method provides the opportunity to compare and evaluate differences in the complex highly concentrated anaerobic fraction of gut microbial flora, based on micromorphological differences. There is ample evidence that this fraction can be characterized as related or unrelated to the host organism by its immunogenicity. In this study germfree ND2 mice were associated with either related (rodent) SPF microflora (SPF-MF) or unrelated human MF (HUM-MF). DIP analysis was performed on original SPF-MF and HUM-MF and on the faeces of ex-germfree mice 4 weeks after association. The micromorphological pattern of highly concentrated anaerobic bacteria in faeces of HUM-MF associated ex-germfree mice was significantly different from SPF-MF associated counterparts with regard to the scores for elongation (P < 0.01) and morphological variety (P < 0.05). Moreover, gross morphological variability was present between individual HUM-MF associated mice but not between individual SPF-MF associated animals. No differences were found between original SPF and HUM-MF. The data are discussed with regard to differences in the presence of (non-)immunogenic bacteria and the ability for related and unrelated flora to colonize the murine gut. This study provides evidence that murine host specificity of microbial flora may not only be reflected in the number of non-immunogenic bacteria but also in the micromorphological pattern of highly concentrated anaerobic bacteria in faeces measured by DIP analysis.
细菌涂片的数字图像处理（DIP）是一种分析肠道微生物菌群组成的新方法。该方法提供了一个机会，可基于微观形态学差异，比较和评估肠道微生物菌群复杂的高浓度厌氧部分的差异。有充分证据表明，这一部分可根据其免疫原性被表征为与宿主生物体相关或不相关。在本研究中，无菌ND2小鼠与相关（啮齿动物）的无特定病原体微生物菌群（SPF-MF）或不相关的人类微生物菌群（HUM-MF）建立关联。对原始的SPF-MF和HUM-MF以及关联后4周的无菌小鼠粪便进行了DIP分析。在伸长率得分（P < 0.01）和形态多样性得分（P < 0.05）方面，与HUM-MF关联的无菌小鼠粪便中高浓度厌氧菌的微观形态模式与与SPF-MF关联的对应小鼠有显著差异。此外，在与HUM-MF关联的个体小鼠之间存在总体形态变异性，而在与SPF-MF关联的个体动物之间则不存在。在原始的SPF和HUM-MF之间未发现差异。就（非）免疫原性细菌的存在差异以及相关和不相关菌群在小鼠肠道定殖的能力进行了讨论。本研究提供了证据，表明微生物菌群的小鼠宿主特异性不仅可能体现在非免疫原性细菌的数量上，还可能体现在通过DIP分析测量的粪便中高浓度厌氧菌的微观形态模式上。
