Kelly A W, Fores Chacori M, Wollan P C, Trapp M A, Weaver A L, Barrier P A, Franz W B, Kottke T E
Department of Nursing, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1996 May;71(5):437-44. doi: 10.4065/71.5.437.
To determine local screening rates for breast and cervical cancer screening among Cambodian women older than 50 years of age who had used the health-care system, to compare these rates with those for non-Cambodian women, to identify barriers to screening among Cambodians, and to implement community screening.
From review of medical records, cancer screening rates for 1 year among Cambodians (N = 57) were compared with rates for a matched non-Cambodian sample (N = 57). Southeast Asian focus groups identified barriers to screening as a basis for intervention. The intervention included community informational programs in the Cambodian language, group screening appointments, provision of transportation, use of female physicians and interpreters, and an informal clinic setting. Cancer screening rates were compared before and after the intervention.
Initial screening rates for Cambodians were significantly lower than for the non-Cambodians. Expressed barriers included lack of knowledge about cancer, shyness at physical examination, lack of transportation, fear of a large, technical medical center, and individual appointments. After the intervention, community screening rates were almost 5 times higher than at baseline.
The intervention was successful in overcoming organizational, economic, and cultural barriers to cancer screening among older Cambodian women in this setting.
确定50岁以上使用过医疗保健系统的柬埔寨女性中乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查的当地筛查率，将这些比率与非柬埔寨女性的比率进行比较，确定柬埔寨人筛查的障碍，并开展社区筛查。
通过查阅病历，将柬埔寨人（N = 57）1年的癌症筛查率与匹配的非柬埔寨样本（N = 57）的筛查率进行比较。东南亚焦点小组确定了筛查的障碍，作为干预的基础。干预措施包括用柬埔寨语开展社区宣传项目、团体筛查预约、提供交通、使用女医生和翻译以及设立非正式诊所环境。比较干预前后的癌症筛查率。
柬埔寨人的初始筛查率显著低于非柬埔寨人。表明的障碍包括对癌症缺乏了解、体检时害羞、缺乏交通、害怕大型技术医疗中心以及个人预约。干预后，社区筛查率几乎是基线时的5倍。
在这种情况下，该干预成功克服了柬埔寨老年女性癌症筛查的组织、经济和文化障碍。
