Torg J S, Stilwell G, Rogers K
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 1996 Jan-Feb;24(1):79-82. doi: 10.1177/036354659602400114.
Previous studies of the shoe-surface interface correlated foot fixation with cleat length, configuration, and material composition as well as turf type and surface conditions. Our study examined the effect of temperature on the rotational torsion resistance of artificial turf football shoes. Five football shoe models, a flat-soled basketball-style turf shoe, a natural grass soccer-style shoe, and three multistudded turf shoes, were studied on dry Astro Turf at five temperatures (range, 52 degrees F to 110 degrees F). An assay device, a prosthetic foot mounted on a loaded stainless steel shaft, was used to determine the force necessary to release a shoe from the turf's surface. We used a torque wrench to apply a rotational force so that each shoe was pivoted counterclockwise through an arc of 60 degrees. Our results indicated that release coefficients differ within and among the shoe models at various turf temperatures. We also found that an increase in turf temperature, in combination with cleat characteristics, affects shoe-surface interface friction and potentially places the athlete's knee and ankle at risk of injury. Based on an established risk criterion, which correlated shoe-surface interface combinations in the laboratory with documented clinical occurrences, only the flat-soled basketball-style turf shoe could be designated "safe" or "probably safe" at all five temperatures.
先前关于鞋与地面界面的研究将足部固定与鞋钉长度、形状、材料成分以及草皮类型和表面状况联系起来。我们的研究考察了温度对人造草皮足球鞋抗旋转扭转能力的影响。研究了五种足球鞋模型，一种平底篮球风格的草皮鞋、一种天然草皮足球风格的鞋以及三种多钉草皮鞋，在五种温度（范围为52华氏度至110华氏度）下在干燥的阿斯特罗草皮上进行测试。使用一种检测装置，即安装在加载不锈钢轴上的假脚，来确定将鞋子从草皮表面松开所需的力。我们使用扭矩扳手施加旋转力，使每只鞋子逆时针旋转60度弧长。我们的结果表明，在不同的草皮温度下，鞋模型内部和之间的松开系数存在差异。我们还发现，草皮温度升高，结合鞋钉特性，会影响鞋与地面界面的摩擦力，并可能使运动员的膝盖和脚踝面临受伤风险。根据一个既定的风险标准，该标准将实验室中的鞋与地面界面组合与已记录的临床病例相关联，只有平底篮球风格的草皮鞋在所有五种温度下都可被指定为“安全”或“可能安全”。
