Charalambous Laura, von Lieres Und Wilkau Hans Christian, Potthast Wolfgang, Irwin Gareth
Department of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, MK41 9EA, UK.
Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, CF23 6XD, UK.
J Sport Health Sci. 2016 Sep;5(3):355-360. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2015.01.013. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
Artificial turf is considered a feasible global alternative to natural turf by many sports governing bodies. Consequently, its ability to provide a safe and consistent playing surface regardless of climate becomes essential. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of artificial surface temperature on: (1) mechanical properties of the turf and (2) the kinematics of a turf-sport related movement.
Two identical artificial turf pitches were tested: one with a cold surface temperature (1.8°C-2.4°C) and one with a warm surface temperature (14.5°C-15.2°C). Mechanical testing was performed to measure the surface properties. Four amateur soccer players performed a hurdle jump to sprint acceleration movement, with data (contact time, step length and hip, knee and ankle kinematics) collected using CODASport (200 Hz).
The temperature difference had a significant influence on the mechanical properties of the artificial turf, including force absorption, energy restitution, rotational resistance, and the height where the head injury criterion was met. Both step length ( = 0.008) and contact time ( = 0.002) of the initial step after the landing were significantly longer on the warm surface. In addition, significant range of motion and joint angular velocity differences were found.
These findings highlight different demands placed on players due to the surface temperature and suggest a need for coaches, practitioners, and sports governing bodies to be aware of these differences.
许多体育管理机构认为人造草皮是天然草皮可行的全球替代物。因此，无论气候如何，其提供安全且一致比赛场地的能力变得至关重要。本研究的目的是确定人造草皮表面温度对以下方面的影响：（1）草皮的机械性能；（2）与草皮运动相关动作的运动学。
对两个相同的人造草皮场地进行测试：一个表面温度较低（1.8°C - 2.4°C），另一个表面温度较高（14.5°C - 15.2°C）。进行机械测试以测量表面性能。四名业余足球运动员进行了跨栏跳接短跑加速动作，使用CODASport（200Hz）收集数据（接触时间、步长以及髋、膝和踝关节的运动学数据）。
温度差异对人造草皮的机械性能有显著影响，包括吸能、能量恢复、旋转阻力以及达到头部损伤标准的高度。在温暖表面上，着陆后初始步的步长（= 0.008）和接触时间（= 0.002）均显著更长。此外，还发现了显著的运动范围和关节角速度差异。
这些发现突出了由于表面温度给运动员带来的不同要求，并表明教练、从业者和体育管理机构需要意识到这些差异。
