Lajonchere C, Nortz M, Finger S
Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo, USA.
Arch Neurol. 1996 Jun;53(6):567-74. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1996.00550060111024.
In 1885, Gilles de la Tourette described 9 patients who suffered from a disorder characterized by involuntary movements, echolalia, echopraxia, coprolalia, and strange, uncontrollable sounds. In his article, Gilles de la Tourette presented some earlier descriptions of this disorder. To appreciate what first led Gilles de la Tourette to Tourette syndrome, however, it is necessary to turn to an article that he published a year earlier. In his 1884 article, Gilles de la Tourette cited several movement disorders that he thought were similar to each other, yet different from true chorea. After describing these disorders, namely, "jumping" of Maine, latah of Malaysia, and miryachit of Siberia, he briefly mentioned a boy in Charcot's ward in Paris, France, who seemed to exhibit the same condition. In an addendum, he then said that other cases were now surfacing in Paris and that he would write an additional article describing these individuals. To achieve a more thorough understanding of the events that led Gilles de la Tourette to his 1885 description of the disorder that now bears his name, we herein present an English-language translation of his 1884 article along with a commentary.
1885年，吉尔斯·德·拉·图雷特描述了9名患有以不自主运动、模仿言语、模仿动作、秽语症以及奇怪的、无法控制的声音为特征的疾病的患者。在他的文章中，吉尔斯·德·拉·图雷特介绍了一些对这种疾病的早期描述。然而，为了了解最初是什么让吉尔斯·德·拉·图雷特发现了图雷特综合征，有必要参考他一年前发表的一篇文章。在他1884年的文章中，吉尔斯·德·拉·图雷特列举了几种他认为彼此相似但又不同于真正舞蹈病的运动障碍。在描述了这些疾病，即缅因州的“跳跃症”、马来西亚的 latah 和西伯利亚的 miryachit 之后，他简要提到了法国巴黎萨尔佩特里埃医院夏科病房的一个男孩，这个男孩似乎也表现出同样的症状。在附录中，他接着说巴黎现在出现了其他病例，他将另外撰写一篇文章描述这些人。为了更全面地了解导致吉尔斯·德·拉·图雷特在1885年对现在以他的名字命名的疾病进行描述的事件，我们在此呈现他1884年文章的英文译文及一篇评论。
