Perbal B
UFR de Biochimie, Université Paris 7-D Diderot, France.
Infect Agents Dis. 1995 Dec;4(4):212-27.
Myeloblastosis-associated viruses (MAV) are replication competent avian retroviruses responsible for the induction of lymphoid leukosis, osteopetrosis, and nephroblastoma. Although both the route of infection and the strain of host used has been reported to be a critical factor in determining the outcome of viral infection, genetically distinct strains of MAV that exhibit a multiple pathogenic potential have been molcularly cloned. Osteopetrosis is a proliferative disease of the bones and nephroblastoma is a kidney cancer. Both diseases occur in chickens a few weeks after MAV injection. In both cases, the nature of the target cells and mechanisms of transformation induced by MAV remain to be established. Molecular cloning and sequencing of three MAV proviral genomes inducing both osteopetrosis and nephroblastoma or only nephroblastoma have allowed the identification of viral determinants essential for osteopetrosis induction. For the last decade we have focused our attention on the MAV-induced nephroblastoma because it is a unique animal model of the human Wilms' tumor. Studies that we have conducted to understand the molecular basis of MAV tumorigenic potential have led to the identification of viral sequences required for tumor induction and to the discovery of a new cellular gene (nov) likely to play a critical role in avian and human nephroblastoma development.
成髓细胞瘤相关病毒（MAV）是具有复制能力的禽逆转录病毒，可引发淋巴细胞白血病、骨质石化症和肾母细胞瘤。尽管据报道感染途径和所用宿主菌株都是决定病毒感染结果的关键因素，但已对具有多种致病潜力的基因不同的MAV菌株进行了分子克隆。骨质石化症是一种骨骼增殖性疾病，肾母细胞瘤是一种肾癌。这两种疾病在注射MAV几周后的鸡身上出现。在这两种情况下，MAV诱导的靶细胞性质和转化机制仍有待确定。对三种诱导骨质石化症和肾母细胞瘤或仅诱导肾母细胞瘤的MAV前病毒基因组进行分子克隆和测序，已鉴定出诱导骨质石化症所必需的病毒决定因素。在过去十年中，我们将注意力集中在MAV诱导的肾母细胞瘤上，因为它是人类威尔姆斯瘤的独特动物模型。我们为了解MAV致瘤潜力的分子基础而开展的研究，已鉴定出肿瘤诱导所需的病毒序列，并发现了一个可能在禽类和人类肾母细胞瘤发展中起关键作用的新细胞基因（nov）。
