Hartman P E, Biggley W H
Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1996;27(4):306-13. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)27:4<306::AID-EM5>3.0.CO;2-A.
In a comparative study of 17 pairs of 15 W fluorescent lamps intended for use in homes and purchased in local stores, we detect over 10-fold differences in UVB + UVC emissions between various lamps. This breakthrough of ultraviolet (UV) light is in part correlated with ability of lamps to kill DNA repair-defective recA-uvrB- Salmonella. Relative proficiency of lamps in eliciting photoreactivation of UV-induced DNA lesions also plays a prominent role in the relative rates of bacterial inactivation by emissions from different lamps. Lamps made in Chile, such as Philips brand lamps and one type of General Electric lamp, produce far less UVB + UVC and fail to kill recA-uvrB- bacteria. In contrast, all tested lamps manufactured in the USA, Hungary, and Japan exhibit readily observed deleterious biological effects. When an E. coli recA-uvrB-phr- (photolyase-negative) triple mutant is used for assay, lethal radiations are detected from all lamps, and single-hit exponential inactivation rates rather closely correlate to amount of directly measured UVB + UVC output of each pair of lamps. Although all lamps tested may meet international and United States standards for radiation safety, optimal practices in lamp manufacture are clearly capable of decreasing human exposure to indoor UV light.
在一项对17对在当地商店购买的家用15瓦荧光灯的比较研究中，我们检测到不同灯具之间的UVB + UVC排放量存在超过10倍的差异。这种紫外线（UV）光的突破部分与灯具杀死DNA修复缺陷型recA-uvrB-沙门氏菌的能力相关。灯具引发紫外线诱导的DNA损伤光复活的相对能力在不同灯具排放导致细菌失活的相对速率中也起着重要作用。智利生产的灯具，如飞利浦品牌灯具和一种通用电气灯具，产生的UVB + UVC要少得多，并且无法杀死recA-uvrB-细菌。相比之下，所有在美国、匈牙利和日本生产的测试灯具都表现出明显的有害生物学效应。当使用大肠杆菌recA-uvrB-phr-（光解酶阴性）三重突变体进行检测时，所有灯具都检测到致死辐射，并且单次打击指数失活率与每对灯具直接测量的UVB + UVC输出量相当紧密相关。尽管所有测试灯具可能都符合国际和美国的辐射安全标准，但灯具制造中的最佳做法显然能够减少人类对室内紫外线的暴露。
