Henrikson H, Jensen-Waern M, Nyman G
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Vet Scand. 1995;36(4):401-11. doi: 10.1186/BF03547655.
A comparison was made between different anaesthetics for general anaesthesia in growing pigs, with focus on minor surgery under field conditions and for experiments in clinical research. Healthy cross-breed pigs (Hampshire x Yorkshire x Swedish Landrace) weighing 20-45 kg were used. The anaesthetics combinations compared were 1) azaperone plus metomidate (AM), 2) Zoletil (zolazepam + tiletamine) plus xylazine (ZX), and 3) Zoletil plus xylazine plus ketamine (ZXK). Parameters measured were: heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and depth of analgesia (pin-prick). Minor surgery was performed to test the reliability of the "pin-prick" tests. It was clearly shown that AM produces anaesthesia with good cardiovascular stability and is a drug combination that is suitable for minor surgery. ZX also produces a good anaesthesia characterized by reliable and rapid induction. Good cardiovascular function is maintained, and the laryngeal relaxation makes intubation possible. These characteristics are very useful in a laboratory environment, as easy handling to avoid stress is necessary for research. Although it is difficult to evaluate the quality of analgesia from this study, it is concluded that ZX did not provide a superior anaesthesia and analgesia compared to AM in crossbreed pigs. However, these drugs are too expensive for regular use in ambulatory practice. The effects of ZXK resemble those of ZX, but the ZXK-drug combination has no anaesthetic advantages and is more laborious to work with.
对生长猪全身麻醉时不同麻醉剂进行了比较，重点是野外条件下的小型手术以及临床研究实验。使用了体重20 - 45千克的健康杂交猪（汉普夏猪×约克夏猪×瑞典长白猪）。比较的麻醉剂组合为：1）阿扎哌隆加美托咪酯（AM），2）佐乐定（唑拉西泮 + 替来他明）加赛拉嗪（ZX），3）佐乐定加赛拉嗪加氯胺酮（ZXK）。测量的参数有：心率、呼吸频率、血压、体温和镇痛深度（针刺）。进行小型手术以测试“针刺”测试的可靠性。结果清楚表明，AM产生的麻醉具有良好的心血管稳定性，是一种适用于小型手术的药物组合。ZX也能产生良好的麻醉效果，其特点是诱导可靠且迅速。能维持良好的心血管功能，喉部松弛便于插管。这些特性在实验室环境中非常有用，因为研究时需要易于操作以避免应激。尽管很难从本研究中评估镇痛质量，但得出的结论是，在杂交猪中，与AM相比，ZX并未提供更优的麻醉和镇痛效果。然而，这些药物用于门诊常规使用过于昂贵。ZXK的效果与ZX相似，但ZXK药物组合没有麻醉优势，且操作起来更费力。
